LEARNING PLAN
School :
Senior High School Subject : CHEMISTRY
Class / Semester : X / 1
Allocation of Time : 2 x 45 minutes
A. Competency
Standards
Describe
B.
Basic
Competences
Classified type molecule in
periodic table.
C. Competency Achievement Indicators
a. Cognitive Products
·
Comparing the
development of periodic table elements to identify the advantages and disadvantages
b. Cognitive Processes
·
Explain the
basis of
grouping elements
c. Psychomotor
·
Giving attention to the discussion group
d. Affective
·
Active in such class shall ask, accounts
for an
idea or opinion, there is communication, and being a
good listener.
D.
Learning Objectives
a.
Knowledge: products
·
Independently students
can compare the
development of periodic table elements to identify the advantages and disadvantages
b. Knowledge: the process
·
Students can categorize the binary compounds, ternary compounds
and organic compounds
·
Students can distinguish ionic compounds
based on the amount of cargo
c. Psychomotor
·
Students can pay attention to the discussion
group
d. Affective
·
Students involved in the
learning process by demonstrating its activity in the classroom as he has not asked to understand, contribute opinions or ideas when there is a problem or question, listen carefully and there is communication.
E. Description
of Learning
Materials
Development
of the Periodic System of Chemical Elements
System elements are a periodic table containing all the chemical elements known by the IUPAC. In the periodic table, chemical elements are grouped according to similarities in character.
The
development of the Periodic System of Chemical Elements
1. Grouping Element Method Lavoisier
French chemist, Antoine Lavoiser, in 1869 defines the element as a
substance that can not be described again into simpler substances. It was stated in his book Traité de Chimie Elementaire. Lavoiser make a list of 33 chemical
elements are grouped into a gas, non-metals, metal and
earth.
Grouping the elements according to Lavoisier Chemistry
|
Group
|
Gas
|
Nonlogam
|
Logam
|
Tanah
|
||
|
Member of The Group
|
Cahaya
Kalor
Oksigen
Nitrogen
Hydrogen
|
Sulfur
Fosfor
Karbon
Asam klorida
Asam fluoride
Asam borak
|
Antimon
Arsen
Kobalt
Timah
Mangan
Molibdenum
|
Emas
Timbel
Seng
Raksa
Bismut
Tembaga
|
Besi
Perak
Nikel
Platina
Tungsten
|
Kapur (kalsium
oksida)
Magnesia (magnesium
oksida)
Barit (barium
oksida)
Alumina (alumunium
oksida)
Silica (silicon
oksida)
|
2.
Grouping Element Method Dobereiner
In 1817, German
scientist, Johann Wolfgang Dobereiner,, making
the grouping of chemical elements. Dobereiner way
to group different elements by Lavoisier.
Dobereiner grouping every three chemical
elements that are similar to one group (triad)
of increasing atomic weight. Grouping of
chemical elements according to
known Dobereiner dobereiner
Triad Law.
Beberapa Triad
Unsur-Unsur Kimia
|
Triad 1
(Logam Alkali)
|
Triad 2
(Logam Alkali Tanah)
|
Triad 3
(Halogen)
|
Triad 4
(Golongan VIA)
|
|
Litium 7
Natrium 23
Kalium 39
|
Kalsium 40,08
Stronsium 87,62
Barium 137,34
|
Klorin 35,45
Bromine 79,91
Iodine 126,90
|
Sulfur 32,06
Selenium 78,96
Telurium 127,60
|
However, the weakness of law since the invention of triads are new elements.
Many elements that have similar properties, but there are more than
3.
3.
Chancourtois way of
grouping elements (Telluric
Spiral de Chancourtois)
In 1862, French geologist, Alexander Beguyer
de Chancourtois, classifying
the chemical elements of increasing atomic weight. Chemical elements arranged
to form a spiral.
Atomic weight = 7 + 16N
Description:
n = order of elements
n = order of elements
4.
The way of grouping elements Newlands (Law
Octave)
John Alexander Reina Newlands was an
English chemist Newlands
is known for his ideas about the grouping of
chemical elements known as the
theory of octaves.
Newlands classifying the chemical elements of
increasing atomic weight. Newlands
discovered the relationship between
nature and the elements
of western atom increases. The properties of the elements will be repeated on the elements of the
eighth (octave) so that the
eighth element would
have properties similar
to the first element.
Clustering of Chemical Elements Octave Legal Newlands
Clustering of Chemical Elements Octave Legal Newlands
|
H 1
|
F 8
|
Cl 15
|
Co/Ni 22
|
Br 29
|
Pd 36
|
I 42
|
Pt/Ir 50
|
|
Li 2
|
Na 9
|
K 16
|
Cu 23
|
Rb 30
|
Ag 37
|
Cs 44
|
Tl 53
|
|
G 3
|
Mg 10
|
Ca 17
|
Zn 25
|
Sr 31
|
Cd 31
|
Ba/V 45
|
Pb 54
|
|
Be 4
|
Al 11
|
Cr 18
|
Y 24
|
Ce/La 33
|
U 40
|
Ta 46
|
Th 56
|
|
C 5
|
Si 12
|
Ti 19
|
In 26
|
Zr 32
|
Sn 39
|
W 47
|
Hg 52
|
|
N 6
|
P 13
|
Mn 20
|
As 27
|
Dy/Mo 34
|
Sb 41
|
Nb 48
|
Bi 55
|
|
0 7
|
S 14
|
Fe 21
|
Se 28
|
Rh/Ru 35
|
Te 43
|
Au 49
|
Os 51
|
Newlands law of octaves weakness is only valid
for the first 17
elements, namely from hidrogan to
calcium. In addition, the law of octaves also does
not provide room for new elements are discovered.
5.
Periodic Table Mendeleev and Meyer
In 1869, Dmitri Mendeleev of Russia
and Julius Lothar
Meyer of Germany
to find new ways to arrange the chemical elements.
a.
Mendeleev Periodic Table
Mendeleev found that if the elements are
arranged according to increasing atomic
mass, then the elements with similar properties
will be arranged periodically.
Referring to the properties of elements, Mendeleev arrange
the elements using a card whose number equals
the number of elements then
known. Mendeleev grouped
the elements into
multiple lines. Elements
located in the same column have similar properties.
b.
Periodic Table Meyer
In 1864, Meyer compiled
based on the valence of the element 28 in the
form of tables. Meyer puts the elements with
the same valence in
one column.
6.
Grouping Elements Moseley Method
Moseley arrange the elements of
increasing atomic number in the
form of periodic table.
7.
Grouping Element Method Seaborg (Modern
Periodic Table)
In 1940, Glenn Seaborg discovered transuranium
elements, ie elements
with atoms of 94-102.
Modern periodic table
are arranged Seaborg
consists of 7 periods
and 18 columns.
Based on the modern periodic table, elements
are grouped into main
groups (groups IA to VIIIA) and transition groups (groups
IB to VIIIB).
In the main
groups, each group having a distinctive name
in accordance with the nature of its members, is as follows.
Group I A : alkali group
Group II A : alkaline earth group
Group III A : boron group
Group IV A : group carbon
Group V A : nitrogen group
Group VI A : oxygen group
Group VII A : halogen group
Group VIII A : noble gas
group
Transition elements were among the group IIA
- IIIA. There are
two lines of elements
are placed below
the main part of the table. Umsur-elements
are located following the lines of lanthanum and
actinium, then the first line (58-71) called
the lanthanides and the second line (90-103) are called actinides.
F. Learning methods
a.
Learning approach : the concept and process
approach
b. Learning model : model of student
teams-Achievement Division (STAD)
c. Methods : Methods of
discussion and information
G. learning activities
|
Activity
|
Phase
|
Activities of teachers |
Student activities |
Allocation of Time |
Done / Not |
|
Introduction
|
Orientation
|
Greeting, checking
attendance, conveying learning
objectives
|
Listen and find out the
learning objectives
|
2 minutes
|
|
|
Apersepstion
|
Ask the
students about the chemical bonds that have been studied in previous
chapters.
|
Disclose and answer
questions from the teacher.
|
5 minutes
|
|
|
|
Motivation
|
Through questions
and answers in class, directing
students' thoughts about the chemical elements that exist in nature.
|
Notice and answer
questions from the teacher
|
3 minutes
|
|
|
|
Giving Reference
|
§ Divide each group of 5 people and
divide the tasks in each group to
find a way of
grouping elements Lavoisier, Dobereiner, Chancourtois,
Newlands, Mendeleev, Meyer, Moseley, and
Seaborg.
§
Ask each group to be responsible
for terselesainya tasks assigned
within the time specified by the
teacher
|
§
attention
to the direction of the teacher presented
|
5 minutes
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
core activities |
Eksploration
|
Teachers described
the development element of the
periodic system
|
Listen carefully and directs his thoughts on
the matter in teaching.
|
25 minutes
|
|
|
Elaboration
|
Guiding students to find the task group
is a way of
grouping elements Lavoisier,
Dobereiner, Chancourtois, Newlands, Mendeleev, Meyer,
Moseley, and Seaborg
|
Looking for group work
quickly to finish
on time and immediately
returned to the classroom.
|
15 minutes
|
|
|
|
Confirmation
|
§ Asked each group
to present representative of the results that
have been discussed about the
grouping of chemical elements.
§
Check the
truth of the discussion groups and provide opportunities for students to ask
about the difficulties faced by
students.
|
§ Ask, answer and
pay attention to information in the
discussion.
|
20 minutes
|
|
|
|
Evaluation
|
Teachers
give students questions
1.
to explain the basics of grouping the elements according to Newlands!
2.
What is the difference
between the Mendeleev periodic table and
meyer?
|
Answering a question
the teacher and not discuss with
friends
|
10 minutes
|
|
|
|
cover |
Reflection
|
Correcting the error
response and announce
the majority of students in answering
questions.
|
Rest in class
and listen to the
announcement of the teacher.
|
5 minutes
|
|
|
Straighten out the error
when the majority of students answer questions and help students conclude
the subject matter
|
Attention to the subject
matter and concluded
|
5 minutes
|
|
H. Assessment
Of Learning Outcomes
§ Assessment indicators
|
No
|
Aspects
|
Indicators of achievement of competencies
|
assessment
indicators
|
Type / assessment techniques
|
forms of assessment
|
|
1.
|
Kognitif (products)
|
§
write the name of a specific
group for the
main group elements in the periodic table?
§
mention of the chemical elements are grouped by similarity in nature?
§
Identify
the elements grouped
by similarity in nature?
|
C1
C1
C1
|
Test
Test
Test
|
Written
Written
Written
|
|
|
Cognitif (process)
|
§ Grouping defines the way
§ Exemplifying a way
of grouping elements
|
C2
C2
|
Test
Test
|
Oral
Written
|
|
2.
|
Physicomotor
|
§ Giving attention
to the discussion group
|
P1
|
No tes
|
observation of
performance
|
|
3.
|
Affective
|
§
Reporting the results
of group discussions on examples
of binary compounds, ionic compounds, ternary
compounds and organic
compounds
§
Answering questions
about the nomenclature of simple compounds
|
A2
A2
|
No tes
Test
|
Systematics
of writing, attitude measurement and assessment
of self
Oral dan Written
|
§ Problem (attached)
§ Key answers (attached)
I. Source of Learning
§ Book Package
Chemistry (grants)
§
Media other information relevant to the material covered
Knowing ....................,.........
Head Master Teacher
( ) ( )
APPENDIX
1. Write
down
some of the chemical reaction results from some
of the elements with chlorine gas by Mendeleev!
2. Write
the name of
a specific group
for the main group
elements in the periodic
table!
3. Called What
elements are located
following the lines of lanthanum and actinium?
4.
What is the
law of triads Dobereiner? Explain!
5.
Explain the
grouping of chemical elements according to Antoine Lavoiser!
ANSWER
1.
Some compounds were
CaCl2, MgCl2, CaCl2,
and SrCl2.
2.
Name of a typical class
is as follows.
Group I A : alkali group
Group II A : alkaline earth group
Group III A : boron group
Group
IV A : group carbon
Group
V A : nitrogen group
Group
VI A : oxygen group
Group
VII A : halogen group
Group VIII A : noble gas
group
3.
The elements are located following the lines
of lanthanum and actinium, then the first
line is called the lanthanides
and actinides is
called the second line.
4.
Dobereiner grouping every three
chemical elements that are similar to one group
(triad) of increasing atomic weight. Grouping
of chemical elements according to known Dobereiner
dobereiner Triad Law.
|
Triad 1
(Logam
Alkali)
|
Triad 2
(Logam
Alkali Tanah)
|
Triad 3
(Halogen)
|
Triad 4
(Golongan VIA)
|
|
Litium 7
Natrium 23
Kalium 39
|
Kalsium 40,08
Stronsium 87,62
Barium 137,34
|
Klorin 35,45
Bromine 79,91
Iodine 126,90
|
Sulfur 32,06
Selenium 78,96
Telurium 127,60
|
5.
Grouping Elements
of Chemistry By Lavoisier
|
Group
|
Gas
|
Nonlogam
|
Logam
|
Tanah
|
||
|
Member
of the Group
|
Cahaya
Kalor
Oksigen
Nitrogen
Hydrogen
|
Sulfur
Fosfor
Karbon
Asam klorida
Asam fluoride
Asam borak
|
Antimon
Arsen
Kobalt
Timah
Mangan
Molibdenum
|
Emas
Timbel
Seng
Raksa
Bismut
Tembaga
|
Besi
Perak
Nikel
Platina
Tungsten
|
Kapur (kalsium oksida)
Magnesia (magnesium oksida)
Barit (barium oksida)
Alumina (alumunium oksida)
Silica (silicon oksida)
|
Behavioral Observation Format
Character
Description:
4 = very
good
3 = satisfactory
2 = Indicates
Ability
1 = Needs
Improvement
|
No
|
Task Performance Details
|
4
|
3
|
2
|
1
|
Information
|
|
1
|
honest
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2
|
responsibility
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
3
|
Caution
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
4
|
thorough
|
|
|
|
|
|
